Roasting apparatus.



T. A. NISSINEN.

ROASTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 11111.20, 1910.

1 086,843. Patented Feb.1o,1914. 6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

T. A. NISSINEN.

. ROASTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.20,1910.

1 086,843. Patented Feb.1o,1914. v 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

bei leem@ e9 OO {sleuf-ism ii/ WI TNESSES MQW T., A. ISSINEME RGSASTNGAPPARATUS,

wmmlmmw FILED JAN. 2'0, 1910,

1,086,843- Patented Feb.1o,1914.

7%64/ e SHBBTSSHEET s.

Wl TNESSES Zbz'vz A .M155 nen WCW T. A. NISSINEN.

ROASTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.20.1910.

1,086,843, Patented Feb. 10, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

T. A. NISSINBN.

ROASTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20, 1910.

11,086,843. l Patented Feb.1o,1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

TOEMI A.' NSSINEN, 'GF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BOASTING AFPAEATUS.

insecte..

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Feb. im, iill.

.Application :lcd January 20, 1910, Serial No. 539,017.

1 'o au Iwhom t may concern Be it known that l, Tomi A.. NISSINEN, acitizen of Finland, and subject of the Czar of Russia, and resident ofthe city, county, and State oflNew York, have invented certainImprovements in Roasting Apparatus, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in roastin apparatus ormachines, and more particu arly in that class of such deviceswhich areespecially designed and adapted for use in roasting codec and the like,and the object of the invention is to provide a machine or apparatus ofthis general character of a simp e and comparatively inexpensive nature,and of a compact, strong and durable construction, having certainfeatures of novelty and improvement whereby material economy in time andlabor, and increased convenience and eiiciency are attained in themanufacture and practical use of the device, and' whereby the roastingoperation is performed in a substantially automatic way, so as to permitof dispensing with any extraordinary or peculiar skill or experience onthe part of the attendant.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction,and, combinationsand arrangements of the several parts of the improvedroast-ing apparatus or machine, whereby certain important advantages areattained and the device is rendered simpler, less expensive, and moreeffective will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The novelfeatures of the invention will be carefully defined in theclaims.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will nowproceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation takenvertically through'a-n apparatus or machine constructed according to myinvention; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the improved machine orapparatus,portions Vthereof being broken away'in order to betterillustrate certain features of construction; Fig. 3' is a fragmentarysectional side elevationsomewhat similar toFig. 1,1but drawn `to an enflarged scale, and taken in a plaine-at one side of the roasting chamber;Fig. 4l is a with a removable front plate 16 affording fragmentarysectionalrear elevation illustratingthedriving devices :it-the rear endof the roasting chamber; Fig. 5V is an enlarged detail view sliQWing themechanically controlled circuit controlling means actuated from rotationofthe roasting drum; Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken through said meansin the plane indicated by line --a in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a diagraphicview illustrating the electrical means for controlling the operation ofthe improved roasting machine or apparatus; Fig. 8 is a vertical sectionillustrating certain details of construction of one of the mechanicalcontrolling devices employed in conjunction with the electricalcontrolling means shown diagraphicallyin Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is an enlargeddetail view illustrating the parts shown in Fig. 8 in plan; Fig. 10 is afragmentary detail view showing the underside of the mechanismillustrated in Figs. 8 and 9; Fig. 11 is a sectional view takentransversely through the mechanism shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the planeof the section being indicated by the line b-b in Fig. 8;

ing the cam for operating the controlling devices shown-in Figs. 13 and14. and otherwise better adapted for use, all as As shown in these viewsthe improved roasting machine or apparatus is provided with a. closedcasing l of any preferred form and'dimensions, wherein the roastingchamber 1s inclosed, this casing being herein illus- .trated assupported upon legs 2, 2 so as to .stand at a convenient elevation abovethe lfloor, and above said chamber, adjacent to lthe rear part thereof,are extended spaced vstandards 3, 3, which support the rear part of astorage chamber or hopper 4 positioned above the casing 1 and wherein asupply of the coffee or other material to be roasted is adapted tor becontained in position to be freadily discharged by gravityto the roast-,ing chamber within the casing '1 under iproper control as will behereinafter 'cX- plained.'

As herein shown the casing 1 is provided access to thel roastingchamberv within the end of the casing, and is made with a flattenedforward bearing surface of substantially circular form, the centralportion of which is pierced to produce abearing 10 wherein is journaledthe forward end of a horizontally extended shaft 9, the, rear end ofwhich has a bearing upon the rear end of the casing 1, and the forwardend of which carries a valve member 8 of substantially circular outline,adapted to lit accurately upon the front bearing surface of theextension 5, and to traverse the same when the shaft 9 is rotated.

18 represents a roasting chamber inclosed within the casing 1 whichisprovided as shown in Fig. 1, with heat intercepting walls having anon-conducting packing 27 extended around the upper and lateral sides ofsaid chamber, and 21 represents a shaft mounted to turn in suitablebearings at the forward and rear ends of the casing and extendedhorizontally along the axis of the roasting chamber, and provided at itsrear end with a Spur gear 22, meshing with the pinion 23 upon a drivingshaft 24 carrying a pulley 25, over which a belt or band is adapted tobe passed in a well known way to transmit power from any preferredsource to rotate the shaft 21 and the roasting chamber.

Within the roasting chamber 18 the shaft 21 isl provided with spiders 20adjacent to the forward and rear walls ofVv casing 1 each such spiderhaving an annular peripheral portion 26 which is fitted within acylindrical drum or shell 19 perforated about its walls and adapted toreceive and contain the coffee or other material during the roastingoperation. As shown `herein the shell or drum 19 is closed at its rearend and has its forward end open so as to permit free access to itsinterior upon removal of the front plate 16 of the casing, and saidfront plate is provided upon its inner surface with i an annular flangeor shoulder 17 produced concentri'cally around the shaft 21 andaffording a bearing whereon the annular peripheral portion 26 of theforward spider 20 has accurate contactwin such a way as to' prevent theescape of the material to be roasted from the forward end ofthe shell ordrum. Y

The upper part of the extension 5 of the front plate 16 of the casing isapertured as shown at 6 to affordan outlet for the discharge of thematerial to be roasted from the supply chamber or 'hopper 4, and thefront plate 16 of the casing is also apertured as indicated at 15, topermitI the introduction of the material to be roasted into the chamberof the drum or shell 19, and the valve member 6 is adapted during theturning movement of shaft 9 to alternately close and open the respectiveports 6 and 15, as will be hereinafter explained, said valve beingprovided at one side with a port 14 adapted in such rotation of shaft9,' to successively brought into registry `first with one and then withthe other of the ports 6 and 15. Said valve 8 as herein shown, forms oneend wall of a vided at its outer end with an adjustable closure 11 heldin' position by means' of screws or the like, as shown at 12, which arecapable of interchangeable engagement with a plurality of apertures 12apositioned at different points in the length of said member 7 in such amanner as to vary the capacity of the interior chamber produced in saidmember between said closure 11 and the valve 8.

During rotatory movement of shaft 9 the angular feed member or conveyer7 is adapted to be positioned at a downward inclinat-ion from the frontplate of the casing as indicated in dotted lines at in Fig. 1, and inthis position of the parts the port 14 of said valve 8 is adapted to bebrought into registry with the port 6 at the lower part of the supplychamber `or hopper 4, while the port 15 leading into the interior of thedrum or shell 19 is closed byv valve 8, so that the material to beroasted is permitted to be freely discharged within the upper part ofthe feed member or conveyer 7 in such a manner as to ll the same with apredetermined charge of such material dependent upon the position towhich the closure 11 at the outer end of said member 7 has beenadjusted, and during further rotatory movement of the shaft 9, the valve8 is operated to close the port 6 of the supply chamber or hopper 4 andto position its port 14 in registry with the port 15 leading through thefront vplate 16 of the casing into the interiorv of the shell or drum19,and when the ports shall have assumed this reversed position,` the feedmember or conveyer 7 will have assumed the position shown in full linesin Figs. 1 and 3, being inclined upwardly from the front plate of thecasing so that the measured charge of the material to be roastedpreviously introduced through the ports 6 and 14 within said member orconveyer will be discharged therefrom through ports 14 and 15 into theinterior of the shell or drum form temperature throughout the mass. of

the material contained. in the drum or shell,

and upon the' inner wall ofthe drum are arranged plurality of spiralfianges or project-ions which. are adapted during rotator-y movement ofthe drum or shell topropel the material therein contained from the rear'end of the drum toward' the forward end thereof as indicated the arrowat 31 in l? ig. 1,. while the arms of the spiders 20, 2O are providedadjacent to shaft 21 with spiral blades 32 set at inclinationsreverse tothose of the spiral flange' projections 31. so as to be capable ofoperation adjacent to the central part of the drum to convey t-hematerial therein contained from the kforward end of the drum toward therear end thereof. By this arrangement of the spiral members 31 and 3Q itwill be evident that a substantially continuous agitation and shiftingof the materialcontained in the drum or shell is maintained throughoutthe operation of roasting. so that the entire mass of such material isexposed tothe heat in a substantially uniform man-ner throughout.

represents a pilot light for igniting the gas at burner 28, the samebeing supplied with gas from pipe 29 by way of a tube 53.

The front plate of the casing is provided at suitable points withapertures covered by hinged closures ,83, as indicated in Fig. 2,through which the material in the drum or shell 19 may be inspected fromtime to time, and at which samples may be withdrawn so that the progressof the roasting may be ascertained, and adjacent to the lower part ofthe drum or shell, and communicating with the interior thereof isprovided a discharge aperture or port 33 formed in said front wall ofthe casing and communicating by way' of a downwardly extended conduitor' passage 35, with a cooling chamber 36 into which the coffee or othermaterial, after being roasted within thel drum or shell19, may beconveniently and quickly conveyed. A valve 34 guided for horizontalendwise sliding movement upon the front plate of the casing, andoperated by mechanism to be hereinafter referred ,to controls thedischarge of the material contained within the drum or shell 19 to the`conduit or passage 35, the spiral members 31 and 32 operating at thecompletion of the roasting operation to insure the complete discharge of,j the roasted material from said drum or shell 19 through said port 332j The cooling chamber 36 is provided with a floor or bot-tom 40 suitablyapertured as indicated in Fig. lto permit the effect-ive circulation oflair'or equivalent cooling uid through the 'roasted material containedin said chamber and said Hoor or bottom is set conduit 35 with the upperend-thereof, as

willinsure the' edective distribution. of the coffee or other roastedmaterial over said downwardly inclined bottom of the chamber when thesame is discharged through said conduit or passage 35 from the roast-ingdrum or shell 19.

The cooling chamber 36 is provided with an' apertured cover or top Wall37 herein shown as produced from wire netting or the like and its lowerorfdischarge end is provided with an adjustable closure or valve 38carried upon a rock shaft 39 supported for turning movement at the upperpart of said valve so that the latter is capable of being adjusted intoclosed position to retain the coffee or other roasted material withinsaid chamber .during the cooling operation or into opened position, asshown in Fig. l, so that the coffee or other material when suitablycooled may be readily discharged from such chamber. Below the coolingchamber 36 is located a suction chamber 41 which has I communicationthrough a laterallydirected duct 42 with a valve chamber 45, wherewithan exhaust blower or fan 47/has connection, by means of a conduit 46 insuch a manner that air entering at the apertured top wall l37 of thecooling chamber may be drawn through the coffee or other roastedmaterial therein to effectively cool the same, such air passing throughthe apertures of the in clined bottom 40 and through chambers 41 and 45and ducts 42 and 46 to said fan or i blower. whence the same isdischarged said valve is yadjusted to an open position the operation ofthe' blower in exhausting the air from the cooling chamber is in no wayinterfered with and said blower is permitted to operate effectively, notmerely to cool the coffee or other roasted material in the chamber' 36,but-also to separate dust, chaff and. other light impurities therefrom,the same being discharged through the exhaust out-.,

let 48. lndhedrawings I" have shown the blower 47 also yutilized for theproduction of aforced draft or .blast for use-in connection with the gasburner 28 fo-r which purpose a small air pipe 49 has communication withthe exhaust outlet. 48, so that a desirable air lpressure may be exertedwithin a separating hopper 50 wherein the air so withdrawn is caused tocirculate in a Well' known way, and to deposit the dust and similarimpurities suspended therein within f edn a receptacle 51, the air beingafterward discharged from said hopper 50 under pressure through aconduit 52 which has suitable connection with the gas pipe 29 as1ndicated in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings. I have also illustrated theblower 47 as capable of employment fr elevating coffee or othermaterialto be roasted to the storage chamber or hopper4 for whichpurpose a receptacle 60 is provided at the floor, or otherwise-sosituated as to permit coffee or the like to be conveniently depositedtherein from bags and provided with an adjustable gate 61 whereat thematerial is discharged from. said receptacle to the lower open end ormouth 62 of an elevating chute or conduit 63 which is upwardly extendedat one side of the casing 1 and has communication at its upper end asshown at 64 with the upper part of said supply chamber or hopper 4.

68 represents an exhaust passage or conduit also extended up at one Sideof the casing 1 and having its upper extremity provided with divergentbranches 67 and 82, the branch 67 of said conduit having communicationwith said storage chamber or hopper 4 above the point of communicationof the elevatin@r conduit 63 thereof, the defleeting or bae plate 65being projected from the wall of the chamber or hopper 4 between theports 66 and 64 of said conduits in order to prevent the passage of theelevated material to the conduit 68, and to compel such material to bedeposited within the chamber or hopper 4.

The lower part of the conduit 68 is horizontally extended as indicatedat 69 alongside the duct or passage 42, and like said duct or passage,has communication with the valve' chamber 45 and is adapted to becontrolled by the valve 43 therein, in such a manner that when the valveis adjusted to open the" duct`v 42 to permit the materialv in chamber 36to, be cooled by the exhaust from theblower, communication of theconduit 69 with the valve chamber 45 is interrupted during the coolingof such material, and after the material in said chamber 36 shall havebeen cooled and the valve 43 adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 3,to close the duct 42, communication of the conduit 69 with the valvechamber is resumed so that the blower 47 is permitted to exert suctionthrough the` conduit 68 from Vthe upper part of the supply chamber orhopper v 4, and thence in an upward direction through the elevatingconduit or passage 63 in such aA manner as to effectively elevate thecoffee or other material tol be roasted from the receptacle 60 duringthe interval consumed in discharging and refilling the cooling chamber.Y

I have villustrated the valves 38 and 42 as adapted for simultaneousoperation Loeasas through the medium of arms 71 and V72, connected by alink 73 as clearly shown in Fig. 3, whereby it will be seen that whenthe valve 38 is closed to retain a charge of material to be cooledwithin the chamber 36, the valve 42 is adjusted automatically toestablish communication from said chamber to the blower, in order thatthe codee therein may be cooled, and when said valve 38 is reverselymoved to permit the discharge of the roasted material om the coolingchamber, said valve 42 is automatically operated to cut olfcommunication between chamber 36 and blower 47, and to establishcommunication from the blower through conduit 68and hopper 4 to theupwardly directed elevating conduit 63 in such away as to permit saidhopper 4 to be replenished at such times as the blower is not in use forcooling the roasted material.

At the lower end of the cooling chamber 36 is located a boot or pocket70 to which the coffee or other roasted material is discharged when thevalve 38 is opened and this boot or pocket has communication undercontrol of an adjustable valve 61a with the lower open end of anelevating chute or passage 74 extended upwardly at the rear end of thecasing 1 and having its up er end arranged to discharge, as shown at 5,into a storage hopper or chamber 76 supported in any suitable way as bymeans of uprights 7 7 and having its lower end provided with a dischargeoutlet 78 controlled by a valve 79 so that the roasted material may bedischarged from said hopper int-o a bag or receptacle suitably. arrangedbeneath said outlet. s

The rearwardly directed ,branch 82 of the draft conduit or passages 68has communication as shown at 81 with the upper part of the storagechamber or hopper 6 above the point of communication of the elevatingconduit 74 thereof, a deflector or baffle plate 80 being extendedbetween the two openings 75 and 81 to prevent the discharge of codecthrough, said draft conduit 68, and to compel the coffee supplied tohopper 76 to be retained therein, and the construction and arrangementsof the parts is such that when the valves 38 and 43 are adjusted to thepositions shown in Figs. 1 and 3, to permit the cooled co'ee to bedischarged from chamber 36 into the boot or` pocket 70, the draft orsuction exerted by the blower through the conduit 68 will also beexerted through its branch 82 in order to elevate the coffee from saidboot or pocket through the upwardly directed elevating conduit 74,

and to deposit the cooled roasted coffee within the storage chamber orhopper 76.

The boot or pocket 70 is adapted to retain stones and other heavyimpurities which may be present in the roasted coffee so that the sameare prevented from being elevated meegaat by the draft or suction of theblower through the conduit 74 into the storage hopper 76. Should stonesorl large particles of other heavy impurities collect in said boot orpocket, they may be removed therefrom from time to time as occasionrequires.

85 represents a thermostat of any approved character arranged at theforward end of the roasting drum or shell 19, whereat the coiieecollects during the roasting operation, by reason of the action of thespiral flanges or ribs 31 in directing such coffee automatically towardthat end of the drum whereby it will be evident that said'ther-.Yniostat will be more eectively exposed to theheat of the coiieecontained in said drum or shell during the roasting operation. As shownherein the thermostat has a tube 85 extended from it upon the frontplate of the casing, aiiording pneumatic connection with a circuitclosing indicating device 88 and comprising, as herein shown, a circuitclosine pointer or index 88 capable oioperation l unier control of thethermostat for making and breaking communication between conductors 87and 89 comprised in an electric circuit which includes a generator 86.`rilhe circuit conductor 89 includes spaced Contact points 89;Lpositioned within a casing v93 secured upon the front late ci the casing1 anc traversed by the iorward end of shaft 21 as clearly illustrated inFigs. 2, 5 and 6.

.92 represents a stud .within the casing 93 whereon a ratchet Wheel 91is mounted to `turn carrying a-contact plate 90 which is adapted whensaid wheel is turned to a cer-f.

tain position, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, to close communication betweenthe contact points 89 and permit the cont-rolling cir- "cuit, includingconductors 87 and 89, to be completed as will be hereinafter explained;The ratchet wheel 91 is toothed around its periphery for engagementwith. a pawl 9i the stem of which is mounted for endwise- .slidingmovement in the boss of casing 93 which surrounds the protruding forwardend of shaft 21 and the inner end of said stem has a ,lateral projection96 which is adapted-to play during the endwise movement oi' thepawlalo'ng a'slotted opening 95 -in the casing 'boss as shown in Fig. 6,the

mined number of revolutions, such as may be necessary ordinarily for thetermination such drum may be further operated for a suiiicient time tocompletethe roasting operation without imparting further turningmovement to the ratchet wheel 91, but so soon as the codec or othermaterial within the drum 19 shall have been raised to the desiredtemperature for the completion of the roasting operation, the thermostat85 will be actuated to complete the controlling circuit, includingconductors 87 and 89, the gap in said circuit between the terminals 89ahaving previously been bridged by the contact piece 90 carried byratchet wheel 91 as above explained. ln this way it will be seen thatthe eective roasting of the coiee or other material is assured by theprovision of means for maintaining a desired temperature within theroasting chamber, which temperature is' indicated at all times bytheindex or pointer 88a, so that it may bemaintained substantially constantby the attendant, and by the provision of means for assuring thecontinuance of suoli desired temperature throughout a predetermined timerequired for carrying the drum 19 through a number of revolutionssufficient to position the contact plate 90 for completing thecontrolling circuit between the terminals 89a. ln'iconnection with thecontrolling means including said controlling circuit and the mechanicaland thermal circuit closing means, l# provide mechanism controlledtherefrom for automatically controlling the operation of 4the feedmember or conveyer 7 in freplenishing t-he roastingA drum with greencoffee after the termination of each roasting operation, such meansbeing indicated as-a whole by 100 upon the drawings, and comprising anyelectromagnet 101, the coils of which are included in the controllingcircuit, so that the magnet is energized and denergized in unison withthe-operation of the thermostat 85 and ratchetwheel 91 in opening andclosing said circuit.

The magnet 101 has an armature lever 102 provided with a taperedextremityy which isnormally positioned in the path of lugs orprojections 103X formed upon the en'ds of e-utch members 103 mounted forendwise sliding' movement in guideways 103a extended parallel with theaxis of a collar 104 keyed or otherwise secured upon a shaft 108 mountedto turn in suitable bearings at one side of the casing 1 and provided atits rear end with a loosely mounted sprocket wheel 107, the toothedperiphery ofv which is engaged by a belt or band 109 which is passedaround a driving pinion 110 secured upon the rear end of the driven drumshaft t 21 in such a manner that said wheel 107 is continuously drivenin unison with the movement of the drum 19.

\ The clutch members/103 are positioned at diametrically opposite sidesof the collar 104 and each such member isguided upon a pin 104hprojecting from a collar 128 having threaded engagement with a reducedextremity 104 of said collar 104, springs 105 contained in chambers insaid clutch members and contactingy upon the ends of said guide pins104", being adapted to exert their tension to maintain said clutchmembers normally moved endwise toward the sprocket wheel 107 in such away as to engage the extremities of said clutch members with lnotches106 produced in the boss of said sprocket wheel and thereby to lock saidwheel to the collar 104, and consequently to shaft 108, in' order tocompel rotation of said shaft in unison with the drum 19.

The forward end of the shaft 108 is entended alongside the casing 1 tothe forward side thereof, whereat said shaft has a crank arm 117 coupledby a link 118 with the valve 34 which controls the discharge of theroasted material .from drum or shell 19 through port 33 into thedownwardly inclined -passage 35, whereby it will be apparent thatendwise reciprocatory movement is imparted to said valve during rotationof shaft 108 to move the valve into opened and closed position, and saidshaft 108 also carries at its rear part a sprocket wheel 114, aroundwhich is passed a link belt 115 which is also extended around a similarsprocket wheel 116 secured upon the rear end of the shaft 9, whereby itwill be evident that seid shaft 9, together with the feed member orconveyer 7 at the forward end thereof, is actuated and controlled fromthe movement of shaft 108.

At the underside of the collar 104, diametrically opposite to thebeveled extremity of the armature lever 102 of magnet 101, is I abeveled shoe 112, connected with the frame 111 which supports saidmagnet, and this shoe 112 is also positioned in the path of the heads orprojections 103X of the clutch members 103, so that as saidmembers-successively traverse the underside of the collar 104, said shoe112 operates to move them endwise against the tension of springs 105, soas to withdraw their extremities from the notches 106 in the boss of thesprocket wheel 107, whereby it will be evident; that when the`armaturelever isoperated by a magnet .101 to release the/uppermost mem'-ber 103 from its beveled end and permit the corresponding spring tothrow said member in engagement with the corresponding notch 106 ofwheel 107, .but one half revelation will be imparted to shaft 108 sincesaid e5 shoe 112will operate to again withdraw said 'member 103 from thenotch 106 of wheel 107 when said member reaches the underside of saidcollar 104, the denergization of magnet 101 which occurs frominterruption of t-he controlling circuit previous to the' lcompletion ofsuchhalf revolution of shaft l108 serving to permit the beveled end ofarmature lever 102 to be again lowered into .the position shown in Figs.8, 9 and 11, so 4that the member 103`which had previously been engagedwith the shoe 112 will at the completion of such half revolution ofshaft 108, .be engaged by said beveled end'I of lever 102 and therebyalso be 'withdrawn from engagement with the appropriate notch 3106 of'sprocket wheel 107. By this arrangement of the parts it will be seenthatafter .the drum or shell 19 shall have been charged with greencodec, and set in rotatory movement, the first revolutions of such drumor shell, dependent upon the number of teeth in the ratchet Wheel 91will operate to turn said wheel to an extent sufficient to bring thecontact piece 90 into the position seen in Figs. 5 and 7, so thatcommunication will be established between the terminals 89, 89'

so as to bridge the break previously existing.

in the controlling circuit at that point, and

by reason of the pawl 94 encountering the` plain peripheral portion 99of said wheel 91, the parts will remain in this position,

as indicated in Figs. 5 and 7 for an indeil nite time such as may berequisite to raise the temperature of the codec or other material to beroasted Within drum or shell 19 to the predetermined degree. Upon theattainment of such predetermined temperature, the thermostat 85 will beoperated and through its pneumatic connection at 85n will actuate thepointer 88a of the indicating means 88 in such a Way as to complete theupon current flowing through such circuit circuit between conductors 87and 89, wherewill-energize magnet 101 and thereby disengage lthe clutchdevice at 100 so that the sliaft'108 will lbe operated through a halfrevolution to slide the valve 34'endwise to open port 33 so that theroasted coffee may be discharged through such port during furtherrotation thereof, while the'driving connection at between shaft 108 andshaft 9 will be simultaneously operated to turn said shaft 109 togetherwith the feed member or conveyor 7 through a half revolution ,sufiicientto move said conveyer or feed member from the upwardly inclined positionshown in Figs. 1 'andA 3 to the downwardly inclined position vshown inFig. 1, whereby. the' port 15 at the upper part of the casing front willbevoccluded, while the port 14 `of said feed member or conveyer will bethrown into registry with the disof green cofeemay besupplied from saidaccents hopper 4 to said feed member 7 ready to be conveyed to theroastingrchamber in the further operation ofthe mechanism, as will behereinafter moreAV particularly explained. 5 The rear end of shaft 9 isprovided with a crank arm 119 coupled by a link 120 with a lever 121which controls "the gas supply cock or valve 30 in such a manner as tocut off or reduce the gas supply to the burner 28 during the occurrenceof revolution of shaft 9 at the termination of the roasting operation asabove described, whereby excessive heating of the charge or uselessconsumption of gas is eectively prevented, and from lever 121 a chain orequivalent exible connection 122 is eX- tended to the controlling lever123 of a time switch or governor 124, which may be of any desireddescription and is therefore only generally indicated in the drawings.

This time switch 1211 is capable of operation to control communicationbetween conductors 125, 125, which are connected with the conductors 37and 89 of the controlling circuit, so as to form a normally open shuntthereto wherein the generator 8d and the coils of magnet 101 areincluded, and said time switch of controller 124 is capable of beingadjusted so as to operate when its mechanism is set by upward movementof the controlling lever 123, to complete the circuit between conductors125, 125 after the lapse ofv a predetermined time, which may be -variedwithin appropriate limits. 1n this way it will be seen that after theshafts 108 and 9 shall have been turned through a half revolution eachas above described to open port 33 for the discharge of the codes fromdrum 19 and to adjust feed 4o member 7 to receive a fresh charge ofgreen codee from hopper 1, the mechanism of switch 124 is set inoperation by lever 123, and during a predetermined interval of time ru'liicient for the discharge of the roasted charge from drum 19 and forthe sup ly of a fresh charge vto the feed member 7, t e parts oftheapparatus remain quiescent, with the exception of drum 19 whichcontinues to turn for the discharge of its roasted contents.

At'the end of such predetermined time, the

mechanism of said time switch or regulator 124: operates to establishcommunication between conductors 125, 125, whereupon'the currenttraverses the shunt circuit including the windings of magnet 101, andagain energizcs said magnet, so as to withdraw the armature lever 102thereof out of operative relation with the uppermost clutch member 103,whereupon the latter is pressed lby its spring 105 into engagement withthe notch 106 of wheel 107, so as to again lock shaft 108 to turn inunison with the drum shaft 21, the turning movement of said shaft 108again continuing but for a half revolution thereofwhen itis terminatedby the engagement of the lower clutch member with shoe 112 and by theengagement of the uppermost clutch member with armature lever 102 whichwill have meanwhile been again lowered as shown in Figs. 8 and 11.During such renewed rotatory movement of shaft 108, the crank connectionat the forward end thereof will operate to move valve 34 endwise intoclosed relation with port 33, while the shaft 9 will be similarly turnedthrough a half revolution by reason of the driving connection at 115, sothat the feed member or conveyer 7, previously filled with a freshcharge of green coffee from hopper 4l as above described, will bereturned from the downwardly inclined position shown in dotted lines inFig. 1 to the upwardly inclined position shown in full lines in Figs. 1and 3, the port 6 of supply chamber or hopper 4 being thereby occludedwhile the port 141 of said memberor conveyer 7 is again brought intoregistry with the port 15 at the upper part of thecasing front in orderthat the fresh charge of green coffee may freely pass down the inclinedlower side of said member or conveyer 7'through such ports into theroasting drum or shell 19.

-126 represents an actuating member or projection carried by the feedmember or conveyer 7 and adapted, during the half revolution of suchmember last described, which serves to supply thc fresh charge of greencoffee to the roasting drum 19, to be engaged with a pin or projection127 pro- 10o duced upon the ratchet wheel 91 which, during the operationof the mechanisms for Adischarging the roasted coffee and supplying afresh charge thereof to drum 19 has been prevented from turning underthe in- 105 fluence of pawl 941 by reason of the positioning of the'plain peripheral portion 99 in line with said pawl, but during this lasthalf revolution of member 7, last referred to, the member or projection126 operates 110 by engagement with said projection 127 of ratchet wheel91 to forwardly move the same to an extent. sufficient to throw thecontact plate 90 out of bridging relation with'the terminals 89a of thecontrolling 115 circuit, whereby the same is interrupted at suchterminals 89, and simultaneously to position the toothed peripheralsurface of said ratchet'wheel 91 in operative relation to pawl 94, sothat rotatory movement ,may 120 be again communicated to said ratchetwheel from the revolutions of the drum shaft 21.

During the withdrawal of the roasted charge and the supply of the freshcharge of coffee from'and to the roasting shell or 125 drum 19, thethermostat 85 will be so reduced as to temperature that the pneumaticconnection thereof will be operated to re tract the pointer 88a andinterrupt the con trolling circuit again at the indicating device 88,and such circuit being interrupted at these two points, the roastingoperation, and thereafter the withdrawal of the roasted 'charge andsupply of a fresh charge will be repeated as above described, the gassupply being properly controlled meanwhile in a substantially automaticmanner, and the several elements of' the controlling means alsooperating in a substantially automatic way to assure the proper sequenceof the several operations as above set forth.

In connection with the apparatus constructed as above described, I alsoprovide means for controlling the cooling of the coffee, and for theelevation of the coffee. to the chambers or hoppers 4 and 76 in asubstantially automatic manner, and this means I will now describe,premising, however, that the same may be omitted or varied,particularlyl as regards the means for controlling the elevation ofy thecoffee, without material ldeparture from the principles and spirit ofthe invention. As shown herein, such auxiliary controlling meanscomprises a mechanical device 133, substantially similar to the device100 above described, and including an electro-magnet 132, shown in 4,operating through an armature lever 101a and clutch devicessubstantially like those shown in' Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11,'tocontrollably connect a shaft 108a below and parallel with shaft 108 witha sprocket wheel 107a actuated by belt 109 from drum shaft 21, saidshaft 108a being disconnected from the sprocket wheel at the terminationof each half revolution in a way substantially similar to that in whichshaft 108 is disconneeted from sprocket wheel 107 as above set forth.

The magnet 132 has its windings included in a shunt from the maincontrolling circuit, such shunt circuit'being normally open in orderthat said n'zagnet 132 may not be energized except at appropriate times,and comprising conductors 131, 131, connected with lthe conductors 89and 87 of the' main controlling circuit in such a way that current mayfiow from the generator 86 through such shunt circuit when the sameis.closed., This auxiliary shunt circuit includes spaced, terminals1313, shown upon the diagram Fig. 7 adapted to be placed in electricalcommunication through a contact plate 130, carried upon the collar 128which as above stated has screw connection with4 the reducedextremity-104a of the collar 104 at the first described controllingdevice 100, the arrangement of these parts being clearly illustrated inFigs. 7, 9 and 11, and being such that when the device at 100 isactuated to open the valve 34 and permit the withdrawal of the roastedcharge from the drum oiishell 19, the cam surface 129 of collar 128operates to press the shunt circuit terminals 131e, 131a into electricalcommuniaccents cation so as to complete such shunt circuit through thewindings. of electromagnet 132, which is thereupon' energized to attractits armature 101n and permit the corresponding clutch member to beactuated toV lock the shaft 108a to turn 'in unison with the sprocketwheel 10"(EL under the influence of the drum shaft 21.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the forward end of the shaft 108a has a crankarm 134 which is coupled by a pendent link 135 with a crank arm 136 uponthe shaft 36 which carries the valve 39 controlling the discharge of thecooled coffee from the lower end of. the downwardly inclined coolingchamber 36 into the boot or pocket 70, and the proportion andarrangement of the parts is such that when the shaft 108 is turnedthrough a half revolution to open port 33 land permit the roasted chargeto be delivered from drum 19 through passage 35 into the cooling chamber36, the shaft 108 is simultaneously actuated and turned through Va halfrevolution, lwhereby its crank connection with shaft 39 operates to movethe valve 38 into position to close the lower end of the coolingchamber, whereby the hot roasted charge supplied through passage 35 isretained therein and is prevented from escaping into the boot or pocket70. lDuring such operation of valve 38 under the in-V fluence of shaft108, the link connection 73 acts as above stated to simultaneously movethe valve 43 from. the position shown in full lines in Fig. 3 into aposition wherein the duct or passage 69 is closed, while the duct orpassage 42 is placed in communication with the exhaust fan or blower 47,which is thereupon permitted to draw air through the apertured top 37 ofthe cooling chamber which air penetrates between the grains o roastedmaterial in the cooling chamber and traverses the apertured bottomthereof, to the blower or fan being finally discharged at the exhaustoutlet 48 as above described. In this way the coee within the chamber 36is effectively cooled, and at the same time is relieved of chad, dustand other light impurities, such cooling and purifying operation takingplace during the interval afforded by the operation of the time switch124 before the filling of the drum with the seen that said magnet 132will be again' energized when the time switch operates to close suchnormally open shunt circuit, such 11.25

latter operation of magnet 132Ataking place simultaneously with thesecond operation of magnet 101, so that as the shaft `108 receives itssecond half revolution, whereby valve 341 is closed and member 7 ispositioned to sup- 130 v conduit 68, which communicate, respectivelyIwith the chambers or hoppers 4 and 76, as

ply the fresh charge of coffee to drum 19,

chamber 36 into the boot or pocket 70, whileA the valve 43 issimultaneously returned tothe position shown in full lines in Fig. 3,interrupting the draft of air through chamber 36 to the blower, andpermitting said blower todraw its supply of air through the pas-` sageor duct 69 from thel upwardly directed blast conduit 68. The forwardlyand rearwardly directed branches 67 and 82-of this above described, areprovided with independently operable valves or dampers 82a, 82, whichpermit of being manipulated to occlude either one or the other of suchbranches, so that the full force of the blast traversing conduit 68' maybe directed through either of said hoppers or chambers 4 and 7 6, andconsequently through either of the ascending elevating conduits 63 and74 leading from said respective chambers or hoppers to the supply hopperand the boot or pocket 70, respectively. By this means, when the shaft1081. receives its second half revolution upon the operation of the timeswitch as aforesaid, the dampers 82B, 82a being properly adjusted,permit the blast to the blower 47'to be drawn through the branch 82 ofthe blast conduit 68 from the storage chamber or hopper 76, and s uchblast will consequently be exerted in an upward direction from the bootor pocket "ZO through the elevating conduit 74 to elevate the cooled andpurified coffee previously discharged into such boot or pocket fromchamber 36 upwardly into the storage chamber or hopper 76, from which itmay be dispensed through the discharge member 78 as above described.

By reason of the fact that a greater time will. ordinarily be necessaryfor the com letion of the roasting operation than wil be required forthe elevation of 'the roasted charge from the boot or pocket to thestorage chamber or hopper 76, it will be evident that it is alsopossible to so manipulate the dampers 82, '823, Vafter the `roastedcharge has been elevated as to direct the en- 1 tire blast'to the blowerthrough the branch 67 of blast conduit 68, whereupon suchfblast will beexerted in an upward direction from the supply hopper 60 to thesupplychamber or hopper 4, and may be utilized for ele 5 vating greeny coffeeto replenish the supply Acontaineiil `in such chamber or hopper 4 atsuch times as the blower is not being employed for cooling the roastedcharge or for elevating the same into the storage chamber 76.

From the above description it will be seen that' the improved roastingvapparatus is of an extremely simpleand comparatively in'- expensivenature, and is particularly well.

adapted for use by reason of the increased efliciency and outputattained, and of 'the convenience and substantially automatic nature ofits operation which permits of dispensing with any peculiar skill orexperi ence upon the part of the attendant, so that the apparatus iscapable of advantageous use throughout Yan extremely Wide field, and itwill also be obvious from the above description that the apparatus issusceptible of some modification -without material departure from theprinciples and spirit of the invention, and for this reason l do notdesire, to be understood as limiting myself to the precise formation andarrangement vof Ithe 'several parts as herein set forth in carrying outmy invention -in practice. For example, incertain cases, thelongitudinally movable valve 34 controlling the port 33 maybe replacedby a pivoted valve 34, as indicated in Figs. 13, 14 and 15, and suchpivoted valveI being mounted upon a rock shaft 140 having a crank arm141 engaged in a peripheral cam groove 142 in a cam 143 on shaft 108 maybe readily thrown first into opened position and afterward into closedposition during the successive half revolu tionsbof said shaft 108. y

Having thus described my invention, what l claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is l l. An apparatus of the character4 described having aroasting chamber, a rotatable conveyer capable of movement to supplymaterial to be roasted thereto, a thermostat exposed to the heat of theroasting chamber, and means controlled by the thermostat for controllingthe rotary moves ment of the conveyer.

2. An apparatus of the charactery de-V scribed having a roasting drummounted for movement, a rotatable conveyer capable of movement to supplymaterial to be roasted .to said drum, and means controlled from themovement-of the drum for controlling the rotary movement of theconveyer.

3. An apparatus' of the character described having a supply chamber, aroast-v ing chamber, a feed member capable of movement from the supplychamber to the roasting chamber Vto convey material to beroasted, athermostat exposed to the heat of the'roasting chamber, and meanscontrol-ledby the thermostat for controlling the move" ment of the feedmember. f'

4. An apparatus of the characterdescribed having a supply chamber, aroast" ing chamber, a feed member mounted to rotate vand capable ofoperation to convoy' material to be roasted from the'supply chams .berto the roasting chamber, a thermostat 130 mtimexposed to the heat of theroasting chamber, and means controlled by the thermostat 'forcontrolling the rotatory movement of the feed member.

5. An apparatus of the character described'having a supply chamber, :iroasting chamber, a feed member` adapted for movementito reverselyinclined positions and capable of operation, when moved to one inclinedposition, to receive a charge of material from the supply chamber, andwhen moved to a reversely inclined position to deliver such charge tothe roasting chamber, a thermostat exposed to the heat of the roastingchamber, and means controlled by the thermostat for controlling themovement of the feed member.

6. 'A11 apparatus of thev character described having a supply chamber, aroasting chamber, a feed member adapted to receive a charge of materialto be roasted from the supply chamber and capable of operation todeliver such charge to the roasting chamber, means for varying thecapacity of the feed member, and means for actuating the feed member. ld

7. An apparatus of the character describedhaving a supply chamber, ar0ast ing chamber,fa feed member adapted to re ceive a charge ofmaterial to be roasted from the supply chamber and capable of operationto deliver such charge to the roasting chamber, means for varying thecapacity of the feed member, a thermostat exposed to the heat of theroasting chamber, and means controlled by the thermostat for controllingthe operation of thefeed member.

8. An apparatus of' the character described having a supply chamberprovided with a ort, a roastingchamber also provided with a port, a feedmember capable .of movement and provided With a port adapted to besuccessively thrown into registry with the respective ports of thesupply chamber and roasting chamber When said' feed member is moved, andmeans forV actuating the feed member.

9. An apparatus of the character described having a roasting chamber, acooling chamber adapted to receive roasted material from the roastingchamber, a thermostat eX- posed to the heat Within the roasting chamber,and means controlled by the thermostat and controlling the supply ofroasted materialfrom the roasting chamber to the cooling chamber.

10. An apparatus of the character described having a supply chamber, aroasting chamber, a feed member adapted to receive a chargevof materialto be roasted 'from the vvsupply chamber, and capable of operation todeliver such charge to the roasting cham- ".b'ermeansV fordischargingthe contents of Mirthe .roasting chamber, -and mechanism capad'5.

1b1e of operation first to discharge lthe con- Losaeasf tents of theroasting chamber and simultaneously to supply a charge of material to beroasted from the supply chamber to the feed member, and afterward todeliver such charge of material .from the feed member to the roastingchamber.

1l. An apparatus of the character d escribed having a roasting chamber,a gas burner adapted to heat the same and" provided With a gas supplypipe, mechanism for discharging the contents of the roasting chamber,and means controlled from said mechanism and controlling the supply ofgas to said burner.

1Q. A device of the character described, comprising a rotating roaster,having a non-rotative head, means for heating the roaster, an inletvalve and an outlet valve appurtenant to the non-rotative head,mechanism operatively connected with the rotating rcaster andinterconnected with said valves for opening and closing the same, and athermo-electrical device carried by the non-rotative head for actuatingthe connection between the valves and their operating mechanism.

13. An apparatus f the character described having a roasting chamber, acooling chamber adapted to receive roasted material from the roastingchamber, mecha nism for controllably supplying roasted ma-y terial fromthe roasting chamber to the cooling chamber, and means controlled fromsaid mechanism for directing a blast of air through the cooling chamberto cool the roasted material therein. f

14. An apparatus of the character described having a roasting chamber, acooling chamber adapted toV receive roasted mae terial from the roastingchamber, mechanism for controllably supplying roasted material from theroasting chamber to the cooling chamber, means for passing a blast ofair through the cooling chamber to cool the roasted material therein,and means actuated from the controlling mechanism for discharging thecooled material from the cooling chamber. y

15. An apparatus of the character described having a roasting chamber, acooling chamber adapted to receive roasted material from the roastingchamber, a storage chamber, a conduit extended from the cooling chamberto the storage chamber, means for controllin'grthe supply of roastedvmaterial from the roasting chamber to the cool` ing chamber, means forcontrolling the discharge of Vmaterialfrom the cooling chamber, meansfor directing a blast of air through the cooling chamber to cool theroasted material therein, and means for directing a blast of air throughsaid conduit to elevate the'cooled material `from the cooling chamber tothe storage chamber.

16. An apparatus of the character vdefrom the roasting chamber to thecooling chamber, means for controlling the discharge ofmaterial from thecooling chamber, a storage chamber, a conduit extended from the coolingchamber-to said storage chamber, and controllable means capable ofoperation' first' to direct a blast of air through the cooling chamberto cool the roasted material therein, and afterward to direct a blast ofair through said conduit for elevating the roasted material from thecooling chamber to the storage chamber.

17. An apparatus of the character described having a roasting chamber, acooling chamber adapted to receive roasted material from the roastingchamber, means for controlling the supply of roasted material from theroasting chamber to the cooling chamber, means for controlling thedischarge of material from the cooling chamber, a storage chamber, anelevating conduit aiording communication between the cooling chamber andthe storage chamber, -a supply chamber, an elevating conduit adapted toconvey material to the supply chamber, means for directing a blast ofair' through the cooling chamber to cool the roasted material therein,and controllable means capable of operation for directing av blast ofair first through one elevating conduit to convey the cooled materialfrom the cooling chamber to the storage chamber, and afterward throughthe other elevating yconduit to elevate material to be roasted*v intothe supply chamber.

varranged in said non-rotative head, and

thermo-electrical mechanism appurtenant .to

said valve for setting the automatic `actuating means of the supplyingdevice in mo- 19. In a device of the character described, a rotatingroaster having a nonrotative head, means for heating the roaster, aninlet.

valve and an outletvalve appurtenant to the `non-rotative head,mechanism operatively connected w'ith the rotating roaster andinterconnected with said valves for vopening and closingrthe same, and athermovalves and operating mechanism, wherebyy said valves arealternately v'opened and closed.

In witness whereof .I u have hereunto signed my name, in the presenceof'two' subscribing witnesses. J- i TOIMI A. NISSINEN.

.Witnesseszy v v J. D. COPLINGER, W. C. Ao'rr.

